JAVA Tutorial

Operators in Java

In Java, operators are special symbols or keywords used to perform operations on variables and values. Operators are classified into various types:

1. Arithmetic Operators

These operators perform basic mathematical operations:

• + (Addition)
• - (Subtraction)
• * (Multiplication)
• / (Division)
• % (Modulus - remainder)

2. Relational Operators

These operators compare two values and return a boolean result:

• == (Equal to)
• != (Not equal to)
• > (Greater than)
• < (Less than)
• >= (Greater than or equal to)
• <= (Less than or equal to)

3. Logical Operators

These operators are used to combine multiple conditions:

• && (Logical AND)
• || (Logical OR)
• ! (Logical NOT)

4. Assignment Operators

These operators are used to assign values to variables:

• = (Simple assignment)
• += (Add and assign)
• -= (Subtract and assign)
• *= (Multiply and assign)
• /= (Divide and assign)
• %= (Modulus and assign)

5. Unary Operators

These operators work on a single operand:

• + (Unary plus)
• - (Unary minus)
• ++ (Increment)
• -- (Decrement)
• ! (Logical NOT)

6. Ternary Operator

The ternary operator is a shorthand for a simple if-else statement:

condition ? expression1 : expression2;
  

🔧 Example:

If num > 10, then set result = "Greater"; otherwise, set result = "Smaller":

String result = (num > 10) ? "Greater" : "Smaller";
  

7. Bitwise Operators

These operators perform bit-level operations:

• & (Bitwise AND)
• | (Bitwise OR)
• ^ (Bitwise XOR)
• ~ (Bitwise NOT)
• << (Left shift)
• >> (Right shift)
• >>> (Unsigned right shift)

8. Instanceof Operator

The instanceof operator checks whether an object is an instance of a particular class or subclass:

if (object instanceof ClassName) {
    // code block
}
  

📱 Mobile-Friendly Tip

Keep conditions simple for better readability on smaller screens. Break long conditional expressions into multiple lines or use simpler operators.

🎯 Best Practices

• Use descriptive names: For better clarity, use meaningful variable names when working with operators.
• Avoid too many nested ternary operators: They can make your code less readable.