SQL Tutorial



SYNTAX OF SQL


SQL Syntax

SQL syntax defines the rules for writing SQL queries. Understanding the basic syntax will help you interact with databases efficiently.

📘 Basic Structure of SQL Query:

SELECT column1, column2
FROM table_name
WHERE condition;

🔹 Main SQL Clauses

Clause Description
SELECT Extracts data from a database
FROM Specifies the table
WHERE Filters records
ORDER BY Sorts the result
GROUP BY Groups rows with the same values
HAVING Filters groups

✨ Example Query

Let’s find all students with grade A from a table called students:

SELECT name, grade
FROM students
WHERE grade = 'A'
ORDER BY name ASC;

📝 Tip: SQL keywords like SELECT, FROM, and WHERE are case-insensitive, but writing them in uppercase improves readability.

🧠 SQL Rules to Remember

  • Each SQL statement ends with a semicolon (;)
  • String values must be in single quotes: 'value'
  • Table and column names are not case-sensitive in most databases
  • Always sanitize inputs to avoid SQL injection

✅ Summary: SQL syntax is simple but powerful. Understanding how to structure queries using clauses like SELECT, WHERE, and ORDER BY will allow you to extract and manipulate data with precision.


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