JS Tutorial

JavaScript Classes 🏫

JavaScript classes are templates for creating objects. They encapsulate data with code to work on that data. Classes were introduced in ES6 and are a cleaner way to write constructor functions.

🔧 Class Syntax

class Car {
  constructor(brand) {
    this.brand = brand;
  }

  drive() {
    return `${this.brand} is driving!`;
  }
}

const myCar = new Car("Toyota");
console.log(myCar.drive()); // "Toyota is driving!"

🧪 Live Example: Class in Action

📚 Class Inheritance

Use extends to inherit from another class:

class Animal {
  constructor(name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  speak() {
    return `${this.name} makes a sound.`;
  }
}

class Dog extends Animal {
  speak() {
    return `${this.name} barks.`;
  }
}

const dog = new Dog("Bruno");
console.log(dog.speak()); // "Bruno barks."

⚙️ Using Super()

super() is used to call the parent class constructor:

class Employee {
  constructor(name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
}

class Manager extends Employee {
  constructor(name, dept) {
    super(name); // Call parent constructor
    this.dept = dept;
  }

  getDetails() {
    return `${this.name} manages the ${this.dept} department.`;
  }
}

📦 Class Getters & Setters

class Person {
  constructor(name) {
    this._name = name;
  }

  get name() {
    return this._name;
  }

  set name(newName) {
    this._name = newName;
  }
}

const p = new Person("Amit");
console.log(p.name);  // Amit
p.name = "Sonia";
console.log(p.name);  // Sonia