JS Tutorial

JavaScript Math 📐

The Math object in JavaScript provides mathematical constants and functions. It’s not a constructor, so you don’t use new Math(). Just call its methods directly like Math.random() or Math.floor().

🔢 Math Constants

• Math.PI → 3.14159...
• Math.E → Euler’s number (2.718...)
• Math.SQRT2 → √2

console.log(Math.PI);      // 3.141592653589793
console.log(Math.E);       // 2.718281828459045
  

📏 Rounding Methods

• Math.round(x) – Nearest integer
• Math.floor(x) – Down to nearest integer
• Math.ceil(x) – Up to nearest integer
• Math.trunc(x) – Remove decimal part

Math.round(4.7);   // 5
Math.floor(4.7);   // 4
Math.ceil(4.3);    // 5
Math.trunc(4.9);   // 4
  

🔁 Useful Math Methods

• Math.max(...) – Highest value
• Math.min(...) – Lowest value
• Math.pow(x, y) – x to the power y
• Math.sqrt(x) – Square root
• Math.abs(x) – Absolute (positive) value

Math.max(5, 10, 15);     // 15
Math.min(-2, 0, 4);      // -2
Math.pow(2, 3);          // 8
Math.sqrt(16);           // 4
Math.abs(-7);            // 7
  

🎲 Random Number Generator

Math.random() returns a random number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive).

Math.random();          // e.g., 0.7263521

// Random number between 1 and 100:
Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1;
  

🎮 Live Example: Random Number Generator

🔁 Bonus: Dice Roller 🎲

// Simulate a 6-sided die roll
let roll = Math.floor(Math.random() * 6) + 1;
console.log("You rolled:", roll);